This reflects the traditional belief that the clown’s combination of ugliness and laughter could drive away evil spirits. The Chou usually plays secondary roles in a troupe. This type of role will entail a forceful character, so a Jing must have a strong voice and be able to exaggerate gestures. Depending on the repertoire of the particular troupe, he will play either primary or secondary roles. The Dan refers to any female role in Peking opera.
The Sheng is the main male role in Peking opera. Over the past hundreds of years, the roles of Peking opera have been simplified to today’s Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou, known as the four major roles in Peking opera. It serves as a bridge through which the traditional Chinese culture is introduced to other parts of the world. Today, Peking opera is regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China and has also spread to other countries. Some scholars believe that the Xipi musical form derived from the historic Qinqiang, while many conventions of staging, performance elements, and aesthetic principles were retained from Kunqu, the form that preceded it as court art.
It also absorbed music from other operas and local Zhili musical art forms. This form of Mandarin is recorded in the book Zhongyuan Yinyun. Much dialogue is also carried out in an archaic form of Mandarin Chinese, of which the Zhongyuan Mandarin dialects of Henan and Shaanxi are closest. Chinese puppet shows always involve singing. Xipi literally means shadow play, referring to the puppet show that originated in Shaanxi province. The tune of Peking opera is extremely similar to that of Han opera, therefore Han opera is widely known as the Mother of Peking opera. Peking opera's two main melodies, Xipi and Erhuang, derived from Han Opera after about 1750. Although it is called Peking opera (Beijing theatre style), its origins are in the southern Anhui and eastern Hubei, which share the same dialect of Xiajiang Mandarin (Lower Yangtze Mandarin). Peking opera is generally regarded as having fully formed by 1845. The combination gradually formed Peking opera's melodies. In 1828, several famous Hubei troupes arrived in Beijing and performed jointly with Anhui troupes. It was originally staged for the court and was only made available to the public later. It was born when the “Four Great Anhui Troupes” brought Anhui opera, or what is now called Huiju, in 1790 to Beijing, for the eightieth birthday of the Qianlong Emperor on September 25.
Peking opera, also referred to as Pingju or Jingxi in Chinese, is currently the most influential opera in China.
0 kommentar(er)
